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Fog and edge computing : principles and paradigms / edited by Rajkumar Buyya and Satish Narayana Srirama.

Contributor(s): Buyya, Rajkumar, 1970- [editor.] | Srirama, Satish Narayana, 1978- [editor.] | IEEE Xplore (Online Service) [distributor.] | Wiley [publisher.].
Material type: materialTypeLabelBookSeries: Wiley series on parallel and distributed computing: Publisher: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2019Distributor: [Piscataqay, New Jersey] : IEEE Xplore, [2019]Description: 1 PDF (xxvii, 471 pages) : color illustrations.Content type: text Media type: electronic Carrier type: online resourceISBN: 1119525012; 9781119525080.Subject(s): Cloud computing | Electronic data processing -- Distributed processing | Cloud computing | Electronic data processing -- Distributed processingGenre/Form: Electronic books.Additional physical formats: Print version:: Fog and edge computingDDC classification: 004.67/82 Online resources: Abstract with links to resource Also available in print.
Contents:
List of Contributors xix -- Preface xxiii -- Acknowledgments xxvii -- Part I Foundations 1 -- 1 Internet of Things (IoT) and New Computing Paradigms 3 / Chii Chang, Satish Narayana Srirama, and Rajkumar Buyya -- 1.1 Introduction 3 -- 1.2 Relevant Technologies 6 -- 1.3 Fog and Edge Computing Completing the Cloud 8 -- 1.3.1 Advantages of FEC: SCALE 8 -- 1.3.2 How FEC AchievesThese Advantages: SCANC 9 -- 1.4 Hierarchy of Fog and Edge Computing 13 -- 1.5 Business Models 16 -- 1.6 Opportunities and Challenges 17 -- 1.7 Conclusions 20 -- References 21 -- 2 Addressing the Challenges in Federating Edge Resources 25 / Ahmet Cihat Baktir, Cagatay Sonmez, CemErsoy, Atay Ozgovde, and Blesson Varghese -- 2.1 Introduction 25 -- 2.2 The Networking Challenge 27 -- 2.3 The Management Challenge 34 -- 2.4 Miscellaneous Challenges 40 -- 2.5 Conclusions 45 -- References 45 -- 3 Integrating IoT + Fog + Cloud Infrastructures: System Modeling and Research Challenges 51 / Guto Leoni Santos,Matheus Ferreira, Leylane Ferreira, Judith Kelner, Djamel Sadok, Edison Albuquerque, Theo Lynn, and Patricia Takako Endo -- 3.1 Introduction 51 -- 3.2 Methodology 52 -- 3.3 Integrated C2F2T Literature by Modeling Technique 55 -- 3.4 Integrated C2F2T Literature by Use-Case Scenarios 65 -- 3.5 Integrated C2F2T Literature by Metrics 68 -- 3.6 Future Research Directions 72 -- 3.7 Conclusions 73 -- Acknowledgments 74 -- References 75 -- 4 Management and Orchestration of Network Slices in 5G, Fog, Edge, and Clouds 79 / Adel Nadjaran Toosi, RedowanMahmud, Qinghua Chi, and Rajkumar Buyya -- 4.1 Introduction 79 -- 4.2 Background 80 -- 4.3 Network Slicing in 5G 83 -- 4.4 Network Slicing in Software-Defined Clouds 87 -- 4.5 Network Slicing Management in Edge and Fog 91 -- 4.6 Future Research Directions 93 -- 4.7 Conclusions 96 -- Acknowledgments 96 -- References 96 -- 5 Optimization Problems in Fog and Edge Computing 103 / Zoltán Ádám Mann -- 5.1 Introduction 103 -- 5.2 Background / RelatedWork 104.
5.3 Preliminaries 105 -- 5.4 The Case for Optimization in Fog Computing 107 -- 5.5 Formal Modeling Framework for Fog Computing 108 -- 5.6 Metrics 109 -- 5.6.5 Further Quality Attributes 112 -- 5.7 Optimization Opportunities along the Fog Architecture 113 -- 5.8 Optimization Opportunities along the Service Life Cycle 114 -- 5.9 Toward a Taxonomy of Optimization Problems in Fog Computing 115 -- 5.10 Optimization Techniques 117 -- 5.11 Future Research Directions 118 -- 5.12 Conclusions 119 -- Acknowledgments 119 -- References 119 -- Part II Middlewares 123 -- 6 Middleware for Fog and Edge Computing: Design Issues 125 / Madhurima Pore, Vinaya Chakati, Ayan Banerjee, and Sandeep K. S. Gupta -- 6.1 Introduction 125 -- 6.2 Need for Fog and Edge Computing Middleware 126 -- 6.3 Design Goals 126 -- 6.4 State-of-the-Art Middleware Infrastructures 128 -- 6.5 System Model 129 -- 6.6 Proposed Architecture 131 -- 6.7 Case Study Example 136 -- 6.8 Future Research Directions 137 -- 6.9 Conclusions 139 -- References 139 -- 7 A Lightweight Container Middleware for Edge Cloud Architectures 145 / David von Leon, LorenzoMiori, Julian Sanin, Nabil El Ioini, Sven Helmer, and Claus Pahl -- 7.1 Introduction 145 -- 7.2 Background/RelatedWork 146 -- 7.3 Clusters for Lightweight Edge Clouds 149 -- 7.4 Architecture Management - Storage and Orchestration 152 -- 7.5 IoT Integration 159 -- 7.6 Security Management for Edge Cloud Architectures 159 -- 7.7 Future Research Directions 165 -- 7.8 Conclusions 166 -- References 167 -- 8 Data Management in Fog Computing 171 / Tina Samizadeh Nikoui, Amir Masoud Rahmani, and Hooman Tabarsaied -- 8.1 Introduction 171 -- 8.2 Background 172 -- 8.3 Fog Data Management 174 -- 8.4 Future Research and Direction 186 -- 8.5 Conclusions 186 -- References 188 -- 9 Predictive Analysis to Support Fog Application Deployment 191 / Antonio Brogi, Stefano Forti, and Ahmad Ibrahim -- 9.1 Introduction 191 -- 9.2 Motivating Example: Smart Building 193 -- 9.3 Predictive Analysis with FogTorch 197.
9.4 Motivating Example (continued) 206 -- 9.5 Related Work 207 -- 9.6 Future Research Directions 214 -- 9.7 Conclusions 216 -- References 217 -- 10 Using Machine Learning for Protecting the Security and Privacy of Internet of Things (IoT) Systems 223 / Melody Moh and Robinson Raju -- 10.1 Introduction 223 -- 10.2 Background 234 -- 10.3 Survey of ML Techniques for Defending IoT Devices 242 -- 10.4 Machine Learning in Fog Computing 248 -- 10.4.1 Introduction 248 -- 10.5 Future Research Directions 252 -- 10.6 Conclusions 252 -- References 253 -- Part III Applications and Issues 259 -- 11 Fog Computing Realization for Big Data Analytics 261 / Farhad Mehdipour, Bahman Javadi, AniketMahanti, and Guillermo Ramirez-Prado -- 11.1 Introduction 261 -- 11.2 Big Data Analytics 262 -- 11.3 Data Analytics in the Fog 267 -- 11.4 Prototypes and Evaluation 272 -- 11.4.1 Architecture 272 -- 11.4.2 Configurations 274 -- 11.5 Case Studies 277 -- 11.6 Related Work 282 -- 11.7 Future Research Directions 287 -- 11.8 Conclusions 287 -- References 288 -- 12 Exploiting Fog Computing in Health Monitoring 291 / Tuan Nguyen Gia and Mingzhe Jiang -- 12.1 Introduction 291 -- 12.2 An Architecture of a Health Monitoring IoT-Based System with Fog Computing 293 -- 12.3 Fog Computing Services in Smart E-Health Gateways 297 -- 12.4 System Implementation 304 -- 12.5 Case Studies, Experimental Results, and Evaluation 308 -- 12.6 Discussion of Connected Components 313 -- 12.7 Related Applications in Fog Computing 313 -- 12.8 Future Research Directions 314 -- 12.9 Conclusions 314 -- References 315 -- 13 Smart Surveillance Video Stream Processing at the Edge for Real-Time Human Objects Tracking 319 / Seyed Yahya Nikouei, Ronghua Xu, and Yu Chen -- 13.1 Introduction 319 -- 13.2 Human Object Detection 320 -- 13.3 Object Tracking 327 -- 13.4 Lightweight Human Detection 335 -- 13.5 Case Study 337 -- 13.6 Future Research Directions 342 -- 13.7 Conclusions 343 -- References 343 -- 14 Fog Computing Model for Evolving Smart Transportation Applications 347 / M. Muzakkir Hussain,Mohammad Saad Alam, and M.M. Sufyan Beg.
14.1 Introduction 347 -- 14.2 Data-Driven Intelligent Transportation Systems 348 -- 14.3 Mission-Critical Computing Requirements of Smart Transportation Applications 351 -- 14.4 Fog Computing for Smart Transportation Applications 354 -- 14.5 Case Study: Intelligent Traffic Lights Management (ITLM) System 359 -- 14.6 Fog Orchestration Challenges and Future Directions 362 -- 14.7 Future Research Directions 364 -- 14.8 Conclusions 369 -- References 370 -- 15 Testing Perspectives of Fog-Based IoT Applications 373 / Priyanka Chawla and Rohit Chawla -- 15.1 Introduction 373 -- 15.2 Background 374 -- 15.3 Testing Perspectives 376 -- 15.4 Future Research Directions 393 -- 15.5 Conclusions 405 -- References 406 -- 16 Legal Aspects of Operating IoT Applications in the Fog 411 / G. Gultekin Varkonyi, Sz. Varadi, and Attila Kertesz -- 16.1 Introduction 411 -- 16.2 RelatedWork 412 -- 16.3 Classification of Fog/Edge/IoT Applications 413 -- 16.4 Restrictions of the GDPR Affecting Cloud, Fog, and IoT Applications 414 -- 16.5 Data Protection by Design Principles 425 -- 16.6 Future Research Directions 430 -- 16.7 Conclusions 430 -- Acknowledgment 431 -- References 431 -- 17 Modeling and Simulation of Fog and Edge Computing Environments Using iFogSim Toolkit 433 / Redowan Mahmud and Rajkumar Buyya -- 17.1 Introduction 433 -- 17.2 iFogSim Simulator and Its Components 435 -- 17.3 Installation of iFogSim 436 -- 17.4 Building Simulation with iFogSim 437 -- 17.5 Example Scenarios 438 -- 17.6 Simulation of a Placement Policy 450 -- 17.7 A Case Study in Smart Healthcare 461 -- 17.8 Conclusions 463 -- References 464 -- Index 467.
Summary: A comprehensive guide to Fog and Edge applications, architectures, and technologies Recent years have seen the explosive growth of the Internet of Things "IoT": the internet- connected network of devices that includes everything from personal electronics and home appliances to automobiles and industrial machinery. Responding to the ever-increasing bandwidth demands and privacy concerns of the IoT, Fog and Edge computing concepts have developed to collect, analyze, and process data closer to devices and more efficiently than traditional cloud architecture. Fog and Edge Computing: Principles and Paradigmsprovides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art applications and architectures driving this dynamic field of computing while highlighting potential research directions and emerging technologies. Exploring topics such as developing scalable architectures, moving from closed systems to open systems, and ethical issues rising from data sensing, this timely book addresses both the challenges and opportunities that Fog and Edge computing presents. Contributions from leading IoT experts discuss federating Edge resources, middleware design issues, data management and predictive analysis, smart transportation and surveillance applications, and more. A coordinated and integrated presentation of topics helps readers gain thorough knowledge of the foundations, applications, and issues that are central to Fog and Edge computing. This valuable resource: . Discusses IoT and new computing paradigms in the domain such as Fog, Edge and Mist. Provides insights on transitioning from current Cloud-centric and 4G/5G wireless environments to Fog computing. Examines methods to optimize virtualized, pooled, and shared resources. Identifies potential technical challenges and offers suggestions for possible solutions. Discusses major components of Fog and Edge computing architectures such as middleware, interaction protocols, and autonomic management. Includes access to a website portal for advanced online resources Fog and Edge Computing: Principles and Paradigmsis an essential source of up-to-date information for systems architects, developers, researchers, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in fields of computer science and engineering.
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Includes bibliographical references and index.

List of Contributors xix -- Preface xxiii -- Acknowledgments xxvii -- Part I Foundations 1 -- 1 Internet of Things (IoT) and New Computing Paradigms 3 / Chii Chang, Satish Narayana Srirama, and Rajkumar Buyya -- 1.1 Introduction 3 -- 1.2 Relevant Technologies 6 -- 1.3 Fog and Edge Computing Completing the Cloud 8 -- 1.3.1 Advantages of FEC: SCALE 8 -- 1.3.2 How FEC AchievesThese Advantages: SCANC 9 -- 1.4 Hierarchy of Fog and Edge Computing 13 -- 1.5 Business Models 16 -- 1.6 Opportunities and Challenges 17 -- 1.7 Conclusions 20 -- References 21 -- 2 Addressing the Challenges in Federating Edge Resources 25 / Ahmet Cihat Baktir, Cagatay Sonmez, CemErsoy, Atay Ozgovde, and Blesson Varghese -- 2.1 Introduction 25 -- 2.2 The Networking Challenge 27 -- 2.3 The Management Challenge 34 -- 2.4 Miscellaneous Challenges 40 -- 2.5 Conclusions 45 -- References 45 -- 3 Integrating IoT + Fog + Cloud Infrastructures: System Modeling and Research Challenges 51 / Guto Leoni Santos,Matheus Ferreira, Leylane Ferreira, Judith Kelner, Djamel Sadok, Edison Albuquerque, Theo Lynn, and Patricia Takako Endo -- 3.1 Introduction 51 -- 3.2 Methodology 52 -- 3.3 Integrated C2F2T Literature by Modeling Technique 55 -- 3.4 Integrated C2F2T Literature by Use-Case Scenarios 65 -- 3.5 Integrated C2F2T Literature by Metrics 68 -- 3.6 Future Research Directions 72 -- 3.7 Conclusions 73 -- Acknowledgments 74 -- References 75 -- 4 Management and Orchestration of Network Slices in 5G, Fog, Edge, and Clouds 79 / Adel Nadjaran Toosi, RedowanMahmud, Qinghua Chi, and Rajkumar Buyya -- 4.1 Introduction 79 -- 4.2 Background 80 -- 4.3 Network Slicing in 5G 83 -- 4.4 Network Slicing in Software-Defined Clouds 87 -- 4.5 Network Slicing Management in Edge and Fog 91 -- 4.6 Future Research Directions 93 -- 4.7 Conclusions 96 -- Acknowledgments 96 -- References 96 -- 5 Optimization Problems in Fog and Edge Computing 103 / Zoltán Ádám Mann -- 5.1 Introduction 103 -- 5.2 Background / RelatedWork 104.

5.3 Preliminaries 105 -- 5.4 The Case for Optimization in Fog Computing 107 -- 5.5 Formal Modeling Framework for Fog Computing 108 -- 5.6 Metrics 109 -- 5.6.5 Further Quality Attributes 112 -- 5.7 Optimization Opportunities along the Fog Architecture 113 -- 5.8 Optimization Opportunities along the Service Life Cycle 114 -- 5.9 Toward a Taxonomy of Optimization Problems in Fog Computing 115 -- 5.10 Optimization Techniques 117 -- 5.11 Future Research Directions 118 -- 5.12 Conclusions 119 -- Acknowledgments 119 -- References 119 -- Part II Middlewares 123 -- 6 Middleware for Fog and Edge Computing: Design Issues 125 / Madhurima Pore, Vinaya Chakati, Ayan Banerjee, and Sandeep K. S. Gupta -- 6.1 Introduction 125 -- 6.2 Need for Fog and Edge Computing Middleware 126 -- 6.3 Design Goals 126 -- 6.4 State-of-the-Art Middleware Infrastructures 128 -- 6.5 System Model 129 -- 6.6 Proposed Architecture 131 -- 6.7 Case Study Example 136 -- 6.8 Future Research Directions 137 -- 6.9 Conclusions 139 -- References 139 -- 7 A Lightweight Container Middleware for Edge Cloud Architectures 145 / David von Leon, LorenzoMiori, Julian Sanin, Nabil El Ioini, Sven Helmer, and Claus Pahl -- 7.1 Introduction 145 -- 7.2 Background/RelatedWork 146 -- 7.3 Clusters for Lightweight Edge Clouds 149 -- 7.4 Architecture Management - Storage and Orchestration 152 -- 7.5 IoT Integration 159 -- 7.6 Security Management for Edge Cloud Architectures 159 -- 7.7 Future Research Directions 165 -- 7.8 Conclusions 166 -- References 167 -- 8 Data Management in Fog Computing 171 / Tina Samizadeh Nikoui, Amir Masoud Rahmani, and Hooman Tabarsaied -- 8.1 Introduction 171 -- 8.2 Background 172 -- 8.3 Fog Data Management 174 -- 8.4 Future Research and Direction 186 -- 8.5 Conclusions 186 -- References 188 -- 9 Predictive Analysis to Support Fog Application Deployment 191 / Antonio Brogi, Stefano Forti, and Ahmad Ibrahim -- 9.1 Introduction 191 -- 9.2 Motivating Example: Smart Building 193 -- 9.3 Predictive Analysis with FogTorch 197.

9.4 Motivating Example (continued) 206 -- 9.5 Related Work 207 -- 9.6 Future Research Directions 214 -- 9.7 Conclusions 216 -- References 217 -- 10 Using Machine Learning for Protecting the Security and Privacy of Internet of Things (IoT) Systems 223 / Melody Moh and Robinson Raju -- 10.1 Introduction 223 -- 10.2 Background 234 -- 10.3 Survey of ML Techniques for Defending IoT Devices 242 -- 10.4 Machine Learning in Fog Computing 248 -- 10.4.1 Introduction 248 -- 10.5 Future Research Directions 252 -- 10.6 Conclusions 252 -- References 253 -- Part III Applications and Issues 259 -- 11 Fog Computing Realization for Big Data Analytics 261 / Farhad Mehdipour, Bahman Javadi, AniketMahanti, and Guillermo Ramirez-Prado -- 11.1 Introduction 261 -- 11.2 Big Data Analytics 262 -- 11.3 Data Analytics in the Fog 267 -- 11.4 Prototypes and Evaluation 272 -- 11.4.1 Architecture 272 -- 11.4.2 Configurations 274 -- 11.5 Case Studies 277 -- 11.6 Related Work 282 -- 11.7 Future Research Directions 287 -- 11.8 Conclusions 287 -- References 288 -- 12 Exploiting Fog Computing in Health Monitoring 291 / Tuan Nguyen Gia and Mingzhe Jiang -- 12.1 Introduction 291 -- 12.2 An Architecture of a Health Monitoring IoT-Based System with Fog Computing 293 -- 12.3 Fog Computing Services in Smart E-Health Gateways 297 -- 12.4 System Implementation 304 -- 12.5 Case Studies, Experimental Results, and Evaluation 308 -- 12.6 Discussion of Connected Components 313 -- 12.7 Related Applications in Fog Computing 313 -- 12.8 Future Research Directions 314 -- 12.9 Conclusions 314 -- References 315 -- 13 Smart Surveillance Video Stream Processing at the Edge for Real-Time Human Objects Tracking 319 / Seyed Yahya Nikouei, Ronghua Xu, and Yu Chen -- 13.1 Introduction 319 -- 13.2 Human Object Detection 320 -- 13.3 Object Tracking 327 -- 13.4 Lightweight Human Detection 335 -- 13.5 Case Study 337 -- 13.6 Future Research Directions 342 -- 13.7 Conclusions 343 -- References 343 -- 14 Fog Computing Model for Evolving Smart Transportation Applications 347 / M. Muzakkir Hussain,Mohammad Saad Alam, and M.M. Sufyan Beg.

14.1 Introduction 347 -- 14.2 Data-Driven Intelligent Transportation Systems 348 -- 14.3 Mission-Critical Computing Requirements of Smart Transportation Applications 351 -- 14.4 Fog Computing for Smart Transportation Applications 354 -- 14.5 Case Study: Intelligent Traffic Lights Management (ITLM) System 359 -- 14.6 Fog Orchestration Challenges and Future Directions 362 -- 14.7 Future Research Directions 364 -- 14.8 Conclusions 369 -- References 370 -- 15 Testing Perspectives of Fog-Based IoT Applications 373 / Priyanka Chawla and Rohit Chawla -- 15.1 Introduction 373 -- 15.2 Background 374 -- 15.3 Testing Perspectives 376 -- 15.4 Future Research Directions 393 -- 15.5 Conclusions 405 -- References 406 -- 16 Legal Aspects of Operating IoT Applications in the Fog 411 / G. Gultekin Varkonyi, Sz. Varadi, and Attila Kertesz -- 16.1 Introduction 411 -- 16.2 RelatedWork 412 -- 16.3 Classification of Fog/Edge/IoT Applications 413 -- 16.4 Restrictions of the GDPR Affecting Cloud, Fog, and IoT Applications 414 -- 16.5 Data Protection by Design Principles 425 -- 16.6 Future Research Directions 430 -- 16.7 Conclusions 430 -- Acknowledgment 431 -- References 431 -- 17 Modeling and Simulation of Fog and Edge Computing Environments Using iFogSim Toolkit 433 / Redowan Mahmud and Rajkumar Buyya -- 17.1 Introduction 433 -- 17.2 iFogSim Simulator and Its Components 435 -- 17.3 Installation of iFogSim 436 -- 17.4 Building Simulation with iFogSim 437 -- 17.5 Example Scenarios 438 -- 17.6 Simulation of a Placement Policy 450 -- 17.7 A Case Study in Smart Healthcare 461 -- 17.8 Conclusions 463 -- References 464 -- Index 467.

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A comprehensive guide to Fog and Edge applications, architectures, and technologies Recent years have seen the explosive growth of the Internet of Things "IoT": the internet- connected network of devices that includes everything from personal electronics and home appliances to automobiles and industrial machinery. Responding to the ever-increasing bandwidth demands and privacy concerns of the IoT, Fog and Edge computing concepts have developed to collect, analyze, and process data closer to devices and more efficiently than traditional cloud architecture. Fog and Edge Computing: Principles and Paradigmsprovides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art applications and architectures driving this dynamic field of computing while highlighting potential research directions and emerging technologies. Exploring topics such as developing scalable architectures, moving from closed systems to open systems, and ethical issues rising from data sensing, this timely book addresses both the challenges and opportunities that Fog and Edge computing presents. Contributions from leading IoT experts discuss federating Edge resources, middleware design issues, data management and predictive analysis, smart transportation and surveillance applications, and more. A coordinated and integrated presentation of topics helps readers gain thorough knowledge of the foundations, applications, and issues that are central to Fog and Edge computing. This valuable resource: . Discusses IoT and new computing paradigms in the domain such as Fog, Edge and Mist. Provides insights on transitioning from current Cloud-centric and 4G/5G wireless environments to Fog computing. Examines methods to optimize virtualized, pooled, and shared resources. Identifies potential technical challenges and offers suggestions for possible solutions. Discusses major components of Fog and Edge computing architectures such as middleware, interaction protocols, and autonomic management. Includes access to a website portal for advanced online resources Fog and Edge Computing: Principles and Paradigmsis an essential source of up-to-date information for systems architects, developers, researchers, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in fields of computer science and engineering.

Also available in print.

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Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on January 30, 2019).

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