Machine Learning and Deep Learning -- Survival Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering: A Semi-Supervised Clustering Method Incorporating Survival Data -- Boosted Random Forests for Predicting Treatment Failure of Chemotherapy Regimens -- A Binning Approach for Predicting Long-Term Prognosis in Multiple Sclerosis -- Decision Tree Approaches to Select High Risk Patients for Lung Cancer Screening based on the UK Primary Care Data -- Causal Discovery with Missing Data in a Multicentric Clinical Study -- Novel approach for phenotyping based on diverse top-k subgroup lists -- Patient Event Sequences for Predicting Hospitalization Length of Stay -- Autoencoder-based prediction of ICU clinical codes -- Explainability and Transfer Learning -- Hospital Length of Stay Prediction Based on Multi-modal Data towards Trustworthy Human-AI Collaboration in Radiomics -- Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Cytological Image Analysis -- Federated Learning to Improve Counterfactual Explanations for Sepsis Treatment Prediction -- Explainable AI for Medical Event Prediction for Heart Failure Patients -- Adversarial Robustness and Feature Impact Analysis for Driver Drowsiness Detection -- Computational Evaluation of Model-Agnostic Explainable AI using Local Feature Importance in Healthcare -- Batch Integrated Gradients: Explanations for Temporal Electronic Health Records -- Improving stroke trace classification explainability through counterexamples -- Spatial Knowledge Transfer with Deep Adaptation Network for Predicting Hospital Readmission -- Dealing with Data Scarcity in Rare Diseases: Dynamic Bayesian Networks and Transfer Learning to Develop Prognostic Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -- Natural Language Processing -- A Rule-free Approach for Cardiological Registry Filling from Italian Clinical Notes with Question Answering Transformers -- Classification of Fall Types in Parkinson Disease From Self-report Data Using Natural Language Processing -- BERT for complex systematic review screening to support the future of medical research -- GGTWEAK: Gene Tagging with Weak Supervision for German Clinical Text -- Soft-prompt tuning to predict lung cancer using primary care free-text Dutch medical notes -- Machine learning models for automatic Gene Ontology annotation of biological texts -- Image Analysis and Signal Analysis -- A Robust BKSVD Method for Blind Color Deconvolution and Blood Detection on H&E Histological Images -- Can knowledge transfer techniques compensate for the limited myocardial infarction data by leveraging hemodynamics? An in silico Study -- Covid-19 Diagnosis In 3D Chest CT Scans With Attention-Based Models -- Generalized Deep Learning-based Proximal Gradient Descent for MR Reconstruction -- Crowdsourcing segmentation of histopathological images using annotations provided by medical students -- Automatic sleep stage classification on EEG signals using time-frequency representation -- Learning EKG Diagnostic Models with Hierarchical Class Label Dependencies -- Discriminant audio properties in deep learning based respiratory insufficiency detection in Brazilian Portuguese -- ECGAN: Self-supervised generative adversarial network for electrocardiography -- Data Analysis and Statistical Models -- Nation-wide ePrescription Data Reveals Landscape of Physicians and their Drug Prescribing Patterns in Slovenia -- Machine Learning Based Prediction of Incident Cases of Crohn's Disease Using Electronic Health Records from a Large Integrated Health System -- Prognostic prediction of paediatric DHF in two hospitals in Thailand -- The Impact of Bias on Drift Detection in AI Health Software -- A Topological Data Analysis Framework for Computational Phenotyping -- Ranking of Survival-Related Gene Sets through Integration of Single-Sample Gene Set Enrichment and Survival Analysis -- Knowledge Representation and Decision Support -- Supporting the prediction of AKI evolution through interval-based approximate temporal functional dependencies -- Integrating Ontological Knowledge with Probability Data to Aid Diagnosis in Radiology -- Ontology model for supporting process mining on healthcare-related data -- Real-World Evidence Inclusion in Guideline-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems: Breast Cancer Use Case -- Decentralized Web-based Clinical Decision Support using Semantic GLEAN Workflows -- An Interactive Dashboard for Patient Monitoring and Management: a Support Tool to the Continuity of Care Centre -- A general-purpose AI assistant embedded in an open-source radiology information system -- Management of patient and physician preferences and explanations for participatory evaluation of treatment with an ethical seal. .

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, AIME 2023, held in Portoroz, Slovenia, in June12-15, 2023. The 23 full papers and 21 short papers presented together with 3 demonstration papers were selected from 108 submissions. The papers are grouped in topical sections on: machine learning and deep learning; explainability and transfer learning; natural language processing; image analysis and signal analysis; data analysis and statistical models; knowledge representation and decision support.