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Handbook of carbon-based nanomaterials / edited by Sabu Thomas, C. Sarathchandran, S.A. Ilangovan, Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraj�an.

Contributor(s): Thomas, Sabu [editor.] | Sarathchandran, C, 1978- [editor.] | Ilangovan, S. A [editor.] | Moreno-Pirajan, Juan Carlos [editor.].
Material type: materialTypeLabelBookSeries: Micro & nano technologies: Publisher: Amsterdam ; Cambridge, MA : Elsevier, [2021]Description: 1 online resource (xvii, 892 pages) : illustrations (black and white, and colour).Content type: text Media type: computer Carrier type: online resourceISBN: 9780128219959; 0128219955.Subject(s): Nanostructured materials | Carbon | Nanomat�eriaux | Carbone | carbon | charcoal (material) | coal | Carbon | Nanostructured materialsAdditional physical formats: Print version:: No titleDDC classification: 620.1/93 Online resources: ScienceDirect
Contents:
Intro -- Handbook of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Introduction to carbon -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Different allotropes of carbon -- 2.1. Diamond -- 2.2. Graphite -- 2.3. Carbynes -- 2.4. Fullerenes -- 2.5. Carbon nanotubes -- 2.6. Amorphous carbon -- 3. Carbide derived carbon -- 4. Carbon-carbon composites -- 5. Characterization techniques -- 6. Advanced applications of carbon based materials -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Fullerenes and their applications -- 1. Introduction to fullerenes
2. Synthesis of fullerenes -- 2.1. Synthesis of empty fullerenes -- 2.1.1. Laser vaporization -- 2.1.2. Arc discharge -- 2.1.3. Combustion -- 2.1.4. High-frequency furnace -- 2.1.5. Solar generation -- 2.1.6. Pyrolysis of PAHs -- 2.1.7. Plasma method -- 2.1.8. Chemical synthesis -- 2.1.9. High-temperature halogenation -- 2.2. Synthesis of endohedral fullerenes -- 2.2.1. Laser vaporization -- 2.2.2. Arc discharge -- 2.2.2.1. N2 -- 2.2.2.2. NH3 -- 2.2.2.3. CH4 and H2 -- 2.2.2.4. O2 and CO2 -- 2.2.2.5. SO2 -- 2.2.2.6. Inorganic compounds -- 2.2.2.7. Organic molecules -- 2.2.3. High-pressure methods
2.2.4. Ion implantation -- 2.2.5. Hot-atom incorporation -- 2.2.6.�� Molecular surgery�� -- 3. Structure of fullerenes -- 3.1. Isolated pentagon rule -- 3.2. Fullerenes in Euler geometry -- 3.3. Spiral algorithm -- 3.4.�� Stone-Wales�� transformations -- 3.5. Structures of fullerenes -- 3.5.1. Empty fullerenes -- 3.5.1.1. C20 and C36 -- 3.5.1.2. C50-C58 -- 3.5.1.3. C60-C68 -- 3.5.1.4. C70-C78 -- 3.5.1.5. C80-C88 -- 3.5.1.6. C90-C98 -- 3.5.1.7. C100-C108 -- 3.5.2. Endohedral fullerenes -- 3.5.2.1. C60-C68 -- 3.5.2.2. C70-C78 -- 3.5.2.3. C80-C88 -- 3.5.2.4. C90-C98 -- 3.5.2.5. C100-C108
4. Fullerene functionalization -- 4.1. Nucleophilic addition -- 4.1.1. Addition of carbon nucleophiles -- 4.1.1.1. Cyclopropanation -- 4.1.1.2. Hydroalkylation and hydroarylation -- 4.1.1.3. Cyanide addition -- 4.1.2. Addition of hydroxides and alkoxides -- 4.1.3. Addition of amines -- 4.1.4. Addition of phosphorous nucleophiles -- 4.1.5. Addition of silicon and germanium nucleophiles -- 4.2. Tether-directed multifunctionalization -- 4.3. Hydrogenation reactions -- 4.3.1. Metal/acid system methods -- 4.3.2. Birch reduction -- 4.3.3. Hydroboration -- 4.3.4. Hydrozirconation
4.3.5. Metal-catalyzed reactions -- 4.3.6. Solid-phase reaction -- 4.4. Halogenation reactions -- 4.4.1. Fluorination -- 4.4.1.1. Direct fluorination with F2 -- 4.4.1.2. Fluorination with noble gas fluorides and halogen fluorides -- 4.4.1.3. Reaction with metal fluorides -- 4.4.2. Chlorination -- 4.4.3. Bromination -- 4.4.4. Reaction with iodine -- 4.4.5. Halogenation of higher fullerenes -- 4.5. Reactions with electrophiles and oxidation -- 4.5.1. Oxygenation reactions -- 4.5.2. Osmylation reactions -- 4.5.3. Reactions with strong acids and oxidizing agents -- 4.5.4. Reactions with Lewis acids
Summary: Handbook of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials provides a comprehensive overview of carbon-based nanomaterials and recent advances in these specialized materials. This book opens with a brief introduction to carbon, including the different forms of carbon and their range of uses. Each chapter systematically covers a different type of carbon-based nanomaterial, including its individual characteristics, synthesis techniques and applications in industry, biomedicine and research. This book offers a broad handbook on carbon-based nanomaterials, detailing the materials aspects, applications and recent advances of this expansive topic. With its global team of contributing authors, Handbook of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials collates specific technical expertise from around the world, for each type of carbon-based nanomaterial. Due to the broad nature of the coverage, this book will be useful to an interdisciplinary readership, including researchers in academia and industry in the fields of materials science, engineering, chemistry, energy and biomedical engineering.
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1. Introduction to carbon -- 2. Carbon nanotubes -- 3. Carbon Onions -- 4. Carbon diamonds -- 5. Fullerenes -- 6. Graphene -- 7. Carbon nanospheres -- 8. Graphitic Carbon Nitride -- 9. Carbon nanoflakes and nanofibers -- 10. 2D and 3D architectures from carbon -- 11. Nano Silicon Carbide hollow spheres -- 12. Transition metal carbide (MXene) -- 13. Carbonitrides.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Handbook of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials provides a comprehensive overview of carbon-based nanomaterials and recent advances in these specialized materials. This book opens with a brief introduction to carbon, including the different forms of carbon and their range of uses. Each chapter systematically covers a different type of carbon-based nanomaterial, including its individual characteristics, synthesis techniques and applications in industry, biomedicine and research. This book offers a broad handbook on carbon-based nanomaterials, detailing the materials aspects, applications and recent advances of this expansive topic. With its global team of contributing authors, Handbook of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials collates specific technical expertise from around the world, for each type of carbon-based nanomaterial. Due to the broad nature of the coverage, this book will be useful to an interdisciplinary readership, including researchers in academia and industry in the fields of materials science, engineering, chemistry, energy and biomedical engineering.

Description based on online resource; title from digital title page (viewed on December 17, 2021).

Intro -- Handbook of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Introduction to carbon -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Different allotropes of carbon -- 2.1. Diamond -- 2.2. Graphite -- 2.3. Carbynes -- 2.4. Fullerenes -- 2.5. Carbon nanotubes -- 2.6. Amorphous carbon -- 3. Carbide derived carbon -- 4. Carbon-carbon composites -- 5. Characterization techniques -- 6. Advanced applications of carbon based materials -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Fullerenes and their applications -- 1. Introduction to fullerenes

2. Synthesis of fullerenes -- 2.1. Synthesis of empty fullerenes -- 2.1.1. Laser vaporization -- 2.1.2. Arc discharge -- 2.1.3. Combustion -- 2.1.4. High-frequency furnace -- 2.1.5. Solar generation -- 2.1.6. Pyrolysis of PAHs -- 2.1.7. Plasma method -- 2.1.8. Chemical synthesis -- 2.1.9. High-temperature halogenation -- 2.2. Synthesis of endohedral fullerenes -- 2.2.1. Laser vaporization -- 2.2.2. Arc discharge -- 2.2.2.1. N2 -- 2.2.2.2. NH3 -- 2.2.2.3. CH4 and H2 -- 2.2.2.4. O2 and CO2 -- 2.2.2.5. SO2 -- 2.2.2.6. Inorganic compounds -- 2.2.2.7. Organic molecules -- 2.2.3. High-pressure methods

2.2.4. Ion implantation -- 2.2.5. Hot-atom incorporation -- 2.2.6.�� Molecular surgery�� -- 3. Structure of fullerenes -- 3.1. Isolated pentagon rule -- 3.2. Fullerenes in Euler geometry -- 3.3. Spiral algorithm -- 3.4.�� Stone-Wales�� transformations -- 3.5. Structures of fullerenes -- 3.5.1. Empty fullerenes -- 3.5.1.1. C20 and C36 -- 3.5.1.2. C50-C58 -- 3.5.1.3. C60-C68 -- 3.5.1.4. C70-C78 -- 3.5.1.5. C80-C88 -- 3.5.1.6. C90-C98 -- 3.5.1.7. C100-C108 -- 3.5.2. Endohedral fullerenes -- 3.5.2.1. C60-C68 -- 3.5.2.2. C70-C78 -- 3.5.2.3. C80-C88 -- 3.5.2.4. C90-C98 -- 3.5.2.5. C100-C108

4. Fullerene functionalization -- 4.1. Nucleophilic addition -- 4.1.1. Addition of carbon nucleophiles -- 4.1.1.1. Cyclopropanation -- 4.1.1.2. Hydroalkylation and hydroarylation -- 4.1.1.3. Cyanide addition -- 4.1.2. Addition of hydroxides and alkoxides -- 4.1.3. Addition of amines -- 4.1.4. Addition of phosphorous nucleophiles -- 4.1.5. Addition of silicon and germanium nucleophiles -- 4.2. Tether-directed multifunctionalization -- 4.3. Hydrogenation reactions -- 4.3.1. Metal/acid system methods -- 4.3.2. Birch reduction -- 4.3.3. Hydroboration -- 4.3.4. Hydrozirconation

4.3.5. Metal-catalyzed reactions -- 4.3.6. Solid-phase reaction -- 4.4. Halogenation reactions -- 4.4.1. Fluorination -- 4.4.1.1. Direct fluorination with F2 -- 4.4.1.2. Fluorination with noble gas fluorides and halogen fluorides -- 4.4.1.3. Reaction with metal fluorides -- 4.4.2. Chlorination -- 4.4.3. Bromination -- 4.4.4. Reaction with iodine -- 4.4.5. Halogenation of higher fullerenes -- 4.5. Reactions with electrophiles and oxidation -- 4.5.1. Oxygenation reactions -- 4.5.2. Osmylation reactions -- 4.5.3. Reactions with strong acids and oxidizing agents -- 4.5.4. Reactions with Lewis acids

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